Resource Guide for Educators: The History Behind the Play

Mirth and Magic at Santa’s Village

Heading to the mall to capture a Kodak moment on Santa’s lap is a memory shared by millions of Americans. Stores have been hiring good old Saint Nick to spread cheer and goodwill to shoppers since the 1870s, and Santa-in-training programs have been turning out top-tinsel graduates since the 1930s. To complete the picture, many department stores transform their floors into Kris Kringle’s wintry workshop. While Macy’s Santaland is one of the most iconic amusements of its kind, the custom dates back to 1879, when Lewis’s department store in Liverpool, England, established its first Christmas Grotto. By the time the Macy’s Parade began marching down the streets of Manhattan in 1924, the store had ample experience to draw upon to perfect its wonderland of sophisticated window displays and endless maze of Santa-themed decorations.

When David Sedaris read excerpts from his essay “Santaland Diaries” on NPR on December 23, 1992, he ushered an unorthodox newcomer into the pantheon of American Christmas traditions. The wildly successful tale was included in his first book, Barrel Fever, and later in his collection Holidays on Ice. The books sold millions of copies, and “Santaland Diaries” has become a modern holiday touchstone. The essay was adapted for the stage in 1996 by prominent director Joe Mantello, and twenty years later, it remains one of the most widely produced plays across the country. Sedaris gave a backstage glimpse into the kooky and socially complex world of Macy’s hallowed Christmas kingdom, and his account of his experiences as an elf named Crumpet wallows in the Christmas spirit while turning it completely on its head. Whether he’s bemoaning shoppers’ unsavory behavior or finding himself unwittingly swept up in the holly jolly spirit, Crumpet proves that a pilgrimage to Santaland is something everybody ought to dare themselves to survive at least once.

“Did you know?” Of Reindeer and Retail

Crumpet’s holiday journey isn’t the only artistic offering whose history is intricately tied to the world of the department store. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a prominent figure in American Christmas lore, and it’s difficult to go an entire holiday season without hearing his eponymous song. But the character actually appeared first as the protagonist of a children’s book given out as a promotional gift to Montgomery Ward shoppers. Robert May was a copywriter for the store who had been bullied for his small stature throughout childhood. When asked to write the annual gift book in 1939, he seized the opportunity to give kids a story about an outcast whose unique ability changes him from misfit to hero. Just before the book was published, May’s terminally ill wife passed away, leaving the suddenly single father with massive medical debts. Montgomery Ward owned the copyright, however, and May received no royalties. But around Christmas in 1946, after Rudolph had been distributed to over 6 million families, May approached the company’s president, Sewell Avery, and asked for the rights to his work. In what seems like a true Christmas miracle, Avery returned control of the lucrative reindeer to May, and May was built a licensing empire for Rudolph. His brother-in-law Johnny Marks took the 89 rhyming couplets of the book and composed the now famous song, which was followed by various cartoon adventures and merchandising. Rudolph’s popularity empowered May to dig himself out of debt and provide for his daughter, Barbara, who had been the very first child to encounter the rosy-nosed deer nearly a decade earlier.